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Summary
Summary
Write award-winning grant proposals that build organizational capacity!
For nonprofit and for-profit firms alike, grants can be a singular generator of growth and impact. But many leaders are intimidated and confused by the sometimes-complex grant application process. The truth, however, is that anyone can learn to write and send a powerful grant letter with the right help.
In Grant Writing For Dummies , Dr. Beverly Browning draws on over four decades of experience writing grant applications and training grant writers to deliver a comprehensive and easy-to-follow roadmap to drafting and submitting grant applications that get funded. You'll learn to craft the strongest application possible, find the best sources of funding from online databases, and present a realistic project budget plan.
You'll also find:
Example types of funding requests that demonstrate how to apply the concepts discussed in the book New and updated material walking you through the entire grant-writing process, from beginning to end Writing techniques that capture the imaginations of grant reviewers who decide which applicants walk away empty-handed and which ones receive cashWhether you're looking to fund your nonprofit, grow your business, or develop your research venture, you'll find the guidance you need in Grant Writing For Dummies .
Author Notes
Dr. Beverly A. Browning, MPA, DBA, is a grant writing superstar! Browning has worked as a consultant in this space for more than 40 years. She teaches online courses, publishes on grant writing, and manages a non-profit foundation. She is the author of all previous editions of Grant Writing For Dummies.
Table of Contents
Introduction | p. 1 |
About This Book | p. 1 |
What's New in This Edition | p. 2 |
Foolish Assumptions | p. 2 |
Icons Used in This Book | p. 3 |
Beyond the Book | p. 3 |
Where to Go from Here | p. 3 |
Part 1 Getting Started with Everything Grants | p. 5 |
Chapter 1 Grantwriting Basics for Beginners | p. 7 |
Orienting Yourself on Grantseeking Basics | p. 7 |
Learning common grantwriting terminology | p. 8 |
Checking out different types of grants | p. 9 |
Understanding your eligibility for grants | p. 11 |
Recognizing the Purpose of a Funding Development Plan | p. 12 |
Connecting to Public-Sector Grantmaking Agencies | p. 13 |
Federal funding: Raiding Uncle Sam's stash | p. 14 |
State and local government funding: Seeking public dollars closer to home | p. 14 |
Researching Private-Sector Grants | p. 15 |
Identifying foundations that award grants | p. 15 |
Finding corporations that award grants and in-kind donations | p. 16 |
Getting Acquainted with Grant Submission Requirements | p. 16 |
Looking at the components of a grant application | p. 17 |
Perusing government grant application guidelines | p. 18 |
Getting your request in the door at foundations and corporations | p. 18 |
Making a List and Checking It Twice | p. 20 |
Tracking Your Submission Status | p. 20 |
Jumping for Joy or Starting All Over? | p. 21 |
Chapter 2 Preparing for Successful Grantseeking | p. 23 |
Grantseeking Readiness Priorities for Nonprofits | p. 23 |
Before you apply for grant funding (the pre-award phase) | p. 24 |
After you receive your first grant award (the post-award phase) | p. 26 |
Procedures required for grant award risk management | p. 26 |
Building your governing board's capacity | p. 26 |
Assessing your nonprofit organization's capacity to seek grants | p. 27 |
Creating a Grantfunding Plan | p. 28 |
Looking at the funding plan components | p. 28 |
Updating critical funding plan information | p. 31 |
Increasing Your Chances for Grantseeking Success | p. 32 |
Looking for needles in a haystack | p. 32 |
Talking to potential funders | p. 35 |
Using a letter of inquiry or intent to comply with pre-application guidelines | p. 36 |
Using a letter of intent | p. 39 |
Waiting Patiently for Next Steps | p. 39 |
Chapter 3 Understanding Grantmaking Entities Expectations | p. 41 |
Delivering the Information Funders Ask For | p. 41 |
Providing the facts about your organization | p. 42 |
Writing about the project in need of funding | p. 45 |
Storytelling with facts | p. 47 |
Making Sure You Have the Mandatory Attachments Before You Start Writing | p. 52 |
Pat 2 Researching Grantfunding Opportunities | p. 55 |
Chapter 4 Venturing into Public-Sector Grants | p. 57 |
Looking for Local Funding First | p. 57 |
Finding out where the money is in your state or territory | p. 59 |
Looking for pass-through funding | p. 60 |
Analyzing the Types of Federal Funding Available | p. 60 |
Discovering direct grants | p. 61 |
Using the eligible applicant criteria to track the funding stream | p. 63 |
Knowing the difference between competitive and formula grants | p. 64 |
Learning your way around Grants.gov | p. 64 |
Understanding forecasted funding announcements | p. 66 |
Enlisting Political Advocates | p. 67 |
Chapter 5 Navigating the Federal Grant Submission Portals | p. 71 |
Navigating the Grants.gov Website | p. 72 |
Understanding Grant Applicant Eligibility | p. 73 |
Registering on Grants.gov | p. 74 |
Registering as an organization | p. 74 |
Grants.gov variations for individual applicants | p. 76 |
Viewing Tutorials in the Grants.gov Workspace | p. 76 |
Accessing Application Package Instructions | p. 77 |
Reviewing Some of the Mandatory Government Grant Application Forms | p. 79 |
Budget information forms | p. 80 |
Assurances forms | p. 80 |
Disclosure of lobbying activity form: SF-LLL | p. 81 |
Chapter 6 Researching Potential Private-Sector Funders | p. 83 |
Finding Foundations and Corporations with Grantmaking Programs | p. 84 |
Understanding the time and effort required | p. 84 |
Subscribing to helpful funding alert resources | p. 85 |
Scouring GuideStar for Foundation Funders | p. 86 |
What to Look for in a Foundation's Form-990 | p. 87 |
Weighing the Usefulness of Free versus Paid Grant Research Websites | p. 89 |
Using Candid's online grant-research database | p. 89 |
Paid online subscriptions | p. 90 |
Using other online grant-research databases | p. 91 |
Scoring a Match to the Funder's Grantmaking Criteria | p. 92 |
Knowing Whom to Contact First | p. 94 |
Chapter 7 Finding Legitimate Grants for Individuals and Businesses | p. 97 |
Sorting Through Who Awards Grants to Individuals and for What Purposes | p. 98 |
Locating Credible Grants for Your Startup Business | p. 99 |
Competing against others for coveted startup funding | p. 100 |
Reviewing research grants from Uncle Sam to fund your work | p. 101 |
Digging for Business-Expansion Monies | p. 104 |
Circling back to research and development funding opportunities | p. 104 |
Tracking down other business-expansion funding opportunities | p. 105 |
Chapter 8 Finding Grants for Academia and Fellowships | p. 107 |
Reviewing Terminology That You Need to Know | p. 108 |
Finding Sponsored Program Grants | p. 109 |
Federal agencies | p. 109 |
Major corporations funding sponsored programs | p. 111 |
Foundations funding sponsored programs | p. 111 |
Accessing sponsored program funding databases | p. 112 |
Finding fellowship funding opportunities | p. 113 |
Chapter 9 Identifying Funds for Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) | p. 115 |
Acquiring NGO Status | p. 116 |
Finding NGOs-Related Funding Sources | p. 116 |
The U.S. government | p. 117 |
The European Foundation Centre | p. 118 |
Imagine Canada | p. 118 |
Knowing What Non-U.S. Funders Expect | p. 119 |
Adapting to submission differences | p. 119 |
Preparing a non-U.S. dollar budget | p. 120 |
Part 3 Maximizing Your Chances of Winning a Grant Award | p. 121 |
Chapter 10 Finding Federal Grant Opportunities That Fit Your Needs | p. 123 |
Dissecting the Notice of Funding Availability (Over and Over Again) | p. 124 |
Figuring out who can apply | p. 125 |
Using a checklist to determine whether you should apply for a grant | p. 127 |
Scanning for standard terms | p. 130 |
Scrutinizing the Review Criteria | p. 134 |
Finding the Right Collaborators | p. 134 |
Identifying the right leveraging and implementation partners | p. 134 |
Getting in-kind and cash commitments from partners | p. 137 |
Chapter 11 Winning with Peer Review Scoring Factors | p. 139 |
Complying with the Technical Review Requirements | p. 140 |
Understanding the Importance of the Peer Review Process | p. 142 |
Knowing how much to write in your narrative sections | p. 142 |
Deploying analyzation acumen to meet the scoring process | p. 144 |
Writing to the Peer Review Requirements | p. 145 |
Researching, writing, and validating a compelling statement of need | p. 146 |
Incorporating national models in your program implementation strategies | p. 147 |
Demonstrating accountability with an evaluation plan | p. 147 |
Proving your organization's capability to manage a grant-funded project | p. 148 |
Developing an expense-driven budget | p. 149 |
Validating Needs and Implementation Strategies | p. 150 |
Considering the Use of Third-Party Evaluators | p. 152 |
Getting Invited to Join a Peer Review Team | p. 153 |
Chapter 12 Resuscitating Your Writing | p. 155 |
Putting a Heartbeat in Your Writing | p. 156 |
Step 1: Describing specifics about who, what, and where | p. 156 |
Step 2: Presenting the need with validation | p. 157 |
Step 3: Incorporating a case study | p. 160 |
Racking Up Peer Review Points in the Program Design | p. 161 |
Starting with the purpose of this request statement | p. 161 |
Aligning your goals and SMART objectives with the purpose of the funding | p. 162 |
Closing the deal by showing the long-term impact of the funder's investment | p. 164 |
Part 4 Following the Funder's Guidelines | p. 167 |
Chapter 13 Preparing Preliminary Documents | p. 169 |
Complying with Mandatory Application Package Requirements | p. 170 |
Drafting a Cover Letter (If Requested) | p. 170 |
Shuffling Through Funder Information Requests | p. 173 |
Knowing What the Feds Want in a Form (SF-424) | p. 174 |
Saving the Abstract or Executive Summary Narrative for Last | p. 178 |
Crafting the Table of Contents When Required | p. 180 |
Chapter 14 Developing the Organizational History and Capability Boilerplate Narrative | p. 183 |
Adhering to the Funder's Guidelines | p. 184 |
Creating Organizational Capabilities as a Grant Applicant | p. 185 |
Stating the history, mission, values, and geographic logistics | p. 186 |
Presenting key milestones in organizational development | p. 187 |
Shifting gears for government grants | p. 188 |
Sorting Out Relevant Programs and Activities | p. 189 |
Presenting and Validating Your Target Population for Services | p. 191 |
Including High Stakes Partners to Boost Your Credibility | p. 192 |
Chapter 15 Validating Your Needs with a Compelling Narrative | p. 197 |
Convincing Funders of Your Need | p. 198 |
Researching recent and relevant information | p. 198 |
Incorporating real-life information about your target population | p. 200 |
Building a strong case study | p. 201 |
Using Graphics When Allowed by the Funder | p. 205 |
Understanding when and how to use informative graphics | p. 205 |
Dressing up your narrative text when allowed | p. 207 |
Chapter 16 Incorporating Best Practices to Build the Program Design Narrative | p. 209 |
Reviewing the Components of a Good Program Design Section | p. 210 |
Starting with a Purpose Statement | p. 211 |
Plotting Goals and SMART Objectives | p. 211 |
Understanding the difference between types of goals and objectives | p. 212 |
Following the funder's directions to write the right types of goals | p. 213 |
Recognizing and writing types of objectives requested by funders | p. 215 |
Providing a Comprehensive Implementation Plan | p. 218 |
Confirming Narrative Content Connectivity in Your Logic Model | p. 220 |
Writing the Evaluation Plan for Your Program Design | p. 223 |
Making sense of evaluation plan terminology | p. 224 |
Keeping the evaluation process in-house | p. 227 |
Taking the third-party evaluation route | p. 228 |
Writing the evaluation plan | p. 229 |
Chapter 17 Preparing Project Management Plans and Sustainability Narratives | p. 231 |
Presenting the Project Management Team's Credentials | p. 232 |
Articulating Qualifications | p. 234 |
The basic profile | p. 235 |
The profile with page limitations | p. 236 |
The profile for personnel paid by cash match | p. 238 |
Connecting Accountability and Responsibility to the Implementation Process | p. 238 |
Writing the management plan | p. 239 |
Acknowledging your fiscal responsibility | p. 240 |
Offering Up Cash and In-Kind Leveraging Resources for Matching Funds | p. 241 |
Demonstrating Federal Compliance in the Personnel Selection | p. 242 |
Writing the Sustainability Statement | p. 244 |
Using the board's sustainability plan | p. 244 |
Crafting a sustainability statement | p. 245 |
Chapter 18 Creating a Budget That Includes All the Funding You Need | p. 247 |
Understanding Budget Section Basics | p. 248 |
Personnel | p. 249 |
Travel | p. 251 |
Equipment | p. 253 |
Supplies | p. 254 |
Contractual | p. 255 |
Construction | p. 256 |
Other | p. 256 |
Distinguishing between direct and indirect costs | p. 257 |
Entire budget summary | p. 259 |
Digging Up Matching Funds | p. 261 |
In-kind contributions (soft cash match) | p. 261 |
Cash match (money on hand allocated for cash-matching funds) | p. 262 |
Plotting Ethical Expenses | p. 264 |
Gathering accurate cost figures | p. 264 |
Including all possible program income | p. 264 |
Managing expenditures to the penny | p. 265 |
Projecting Multiyear Expenses for Grant-Funded Programs | p. 266 |
Building Credibility When You're a New Nonprofit | p. 267 |
Part 5 Triple-Checking Your Application, Submitting, and Following Up | p. 269 |
Chapter 19 Checking Off the Mandatory Requirements for Compliance | p. 271 |
Triple-Checking All Required Components | p. 272 |
Cover materials | p. 272 |
Organization history and capability | p. 273 |
Statement of need | p. 274 |
Program design | p. 274 |
Evaluation and dissemination | p. 275 |
Management plan, assets, and your equity statement | p. 276 |
Sustainability plan | p. 276 |
Budget summary and narrative detail | p. 277 |
Avoiding Editing Red Flags | p. 277 |
Assembling the Proper Attachments in the Right Order | p. 280 |
Capability-related documents | p. 280 |
Financial documents | p. 281 |
Supporting documentation | p. 282 |
Meeting Submission Requirements | p. 282 |
Paying attention to submission protocol | p. 283 |
Uploading applications on time | p. 283 |
Clicking Submit without panicking | p. 284 |
Chapter 20 Knowing What to Do after Submitting Your Application | p. 287 |
Keeping Accessible Copies of Electronic Files | p. 287 |
Staying Connected to Your Stakeholders | p. 288 |
Providing updates on what's been completed and what to expect next | p. 289 |
Keeping your partners in the information loop | p. 290 |
Tracking the Status of Your Submitted Application | p. 290 |
Requesting that elected officials track your application's progress | p. 291 |
Following up on foundation and corporate grant requests | p. 293 |
Chapter 21 Winning or Losing: What's Next? | p. 297 |
Handling Funding Status Communications from Grantmakers | p. 297 |
Drafting a resolution | p. 298 |
Accepting the award | p. 298 |
Tackling the grant-management process | p. 299 |
Reviewing post-award guidelines for help with financial reporting | p. 301 |
Handling Multiple Grant Awards | p. 302 |
Failing to Get a Grant Award | p. 303 |
Requesting peer review comments when your government application is rejected | p. 303 |
Acting fast to reuse a failed government request | p. 305 |
Dealing with failed foundation or corporate funding requests | p. 306 |
Chapter 22 Requesting Matching Funds and Other Goodies from Corporate Grantmakers | p. 307 |
Recognizing What Corporations and Local Businesses Are Willing to Fund | p. 308 |
Making Initial Contact and Building a Relationship with Corporate Funders | p. 309 |
Building Relationships with Major Corporations and Business Funders | p. 309 |
Writing a Corporate Letter Request/Letter Proposal | p. 311 |
Following Up with Potential Corporate Funders | p. 316 |
Part 6 The Part of Tens | p. 317 |
Chapter 23 Ten e-Grant Tips | p. 319 |
Log In and Set Up a Password Immediately for Online Submissions | p. 319 |
Fill in Routine Organizational Information | p. 320 |
Review the Entire Online Application Template | p. 320 |
Copy and Re-Create the Template in a Word-Processing Program | p. 321 |
Adhere to Writing Limitations in Online Grant e-Portals | p. 321 |
Convey without Traditional Graphics | p. 322 |
Convey without Traditional Formatting | p. 322 |
Recheck the Funder's Website Daily for Modifications to the Guidelines | p. 322 |
Confirm the Due Date Time and Time Zone | p. 323 |
Hit Submit | p. 323 |
Chapter 24 Ten Steps to Making Grant Writing Your Career | p. 325 |
Get Trained | p. 325 |
Research the Salary Ranges for Grantwriters | p. 326 |
Determine the Fees for Your Services as a Consultant | p. 327 |
Stay Updated on Grant Industry Trends | p. 327 |
Join a Professional Association and Get Certified | p. 328 |
Continue to Hone Your Research and Writing Skills | p. 328 |
Ask to Join a Grantwriting Team | p. 328 |
Get a Consulting Coach | p. 329 |
Use Updated Technology | p. 329 |
Network Like a Pro | p. 329 |
Chapter 25 Ten Ways to Continue Being Viewed as a Grant Professional | p. 331 |
Take on New Challenges | p. 331 |
Volunteer Your Services | p. 332 |
Become a Grant Research Specialist | p. 332 |
Become a Peer Reviewer | p. 332 |
Do Copyediting for Other Grantwriters | p. 333 |
Work with an Experienced Grantwriter | p. 333 |
Attend National Professional Development Training | p. 333 |
Review Successful Grant Applications Online | p. 334 |
Write and Publish Articles That Require Extensive Research | p. 334 |
Continue Your Formal Education | p. 334 |
Index | p. 335 |